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conditions
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disc injuries
Disc herniation, often referred to as a slipped or ruptured disc, occurs when the soft, gel-like center of a disc pushes through a tear in the tough, outer layer of the disc. This condition typically affects the discs in the spine, commonly in the lumbar (lower back) or cervical (neck) regions. Disc herniation can result from aging-related wear and tear, repetitive strain, or sudden injury. When a herniated disc presses on nearby nerves, it can cause symptoms such as localized or radiating pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness in the affected area or down the arms or legs.
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Sciatica
Sciatica refers to pain that radiates along the path of the sciatic nerve, which runs from the lower back through the hips, buttocks, and down each leg. It typically occurs when the sciatic nerve is compressed or irritated, often due to a herniated disc, bone spur, or narrowing of the spine (spinal stenosis). The pain can vary from a mild ache to sharp, shooting sensations, and may be accompanied by tingling, numbness, or weakness in the affected leg or foot. Sciatica can result from various factors, including prolonged sitting, lifting heavy objects incorrectly, or injuries.
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Low Back Pain
Low back pain is a common condition characterized by discomfort, stiffness, or soreness in the lower portion of the spine, typically between the bottom of the ribs and the pelvis. It can vary from a dull, achy sensation to sharp, shooting pains and may be accompanied by muscle tightness, limited range of motion, or difficulty standing or walking. Low back pain can have numerous causes, including muscle strains or sprains, lifting heavy objects incorrectly, sedentary lifestyle, herniated discs, spinal stenosis, or degenerative conditions like osteoarthritis.
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hip Pain
Hip pain refers to discomfort or soreness in the hip joint or surrounding areas. It can occur due to various factors, including injury, overuse, degenerative conditions, or underlying medical conditions. Hip pain can manifest as a dull ache, sharp pain, stiffness, or limited range of motion in the hip joint, groin, buttocks, or thigh. Common causes of hip pain include osteoarthritis, tendonitis, hip fractures, and muscle strains or tears from overuse or sudden movements.
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neck strain
Neck pain is a common condition characterized by discomfort, soreness, or stiffness in the cervical spine—the seven vertebrae that make up the neck region. It can occur due to various factors, including muscle strain, injury, degenerative changes in the spine, or underlying medical conditions. Common causes of neck pain include muscle strain or tension from prolonged sitting, or overuse of electronic devices; cervical disc herniation, cervical spondylosis, and cervical spinal stenosis, which involves the narrowing of the spinal canal in the neck, putting pressure on the spinal cord and nerves.
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shoulder injuries
Shoulder injuries are common and can affect the muscles, tendons, ligaments, or joints in the shoulder region. They often occur due to overuse, trauma, or degenerative changes in the shoulder structures. Common shoulder injuries include rotator cuff injuries, shoulder impingement syndrome, shoulder dislocation, shoulder instability, and labral tears.
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headaches
There are generally three types on headaches that cause chronic pain. Cervicogenic headaches originate from disorders or dysfunction in the neck or surrounding structures, such as muscles, joints, or nerves. These headaches often present with pain that originates from the neck and radiates to the head, typically affecting one side of the head or face. Migraines are characterized by intense, throbbing pain, often accompanied by other symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, sensitivity to light or sound, and visual disturbances (aura).Tension-type headaches are the most common type of headache and are characterized by a dull, pressure-like pain.
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TMJ Dysfunction
The TMJ is the joint that connects the jawbone to the skull, allowing for movements such as chewing, talking, and yawning. TMJ dysfunction can result from various factors, including jaw injury, misalignment of the teeth or jaw, arthritis, excessive teeth grinding or clenching (bruxism), stress, or muscle tension. Symptoms of TMJ dysfunction can vary but often include jaw pain or tenderness, difficulty or discomfort when chewing or opening the mouth, clicking or popping sounds when moving the jaw, earaches, headaches, facial pain, and locking of the jaw joint.
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Tennis/Golfers Elbow
Tennis elbow, clinically known as lateral epicondylitis, is a common overuse injury affecting the tendons in the outer elbow region. It can occur in anyone who repeatedly performs activities that strain the forearm muscles and tendons. This condition typically arises from repetitive gripping, twisting, or extension motions of the wrist and forearm, causing microscopic tears and inflammation in the tendons. Golfer's elbow is characterized by pain and inflammation in the tendons that attach to the inner side of the elbow. and can occur due to repetitive gripping, flexing, or wrist movements, common in activities like golfing, weightlifting, or repetitive hand tool use.
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Biceps Tendinopathy
Biceps tendinopathy refers to a condition involving the inflammation, degeneration, or damage to the tendons that connect the biceps muscle to the shoulder or elbow. It can manifest as either proximal (near the shoulder) or distal (near the elbow) biceps tendinopathy. Proximal biceps tendinopathy typically occurs due to overuse, repetitive strain, or degenerative changes, leading to pain and discomfort in the front of the shoulder. Distal biceps tendinopathy often arises from repetitive lifting or forceful activities, causing pain and weakness in the front of the elbow. Symptoms may include localized pain, tenderness, swelling, weakness, and limited range of motion.
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Knee Injuries
Knee ligament injuries can occur due to sudden twisting or impact to the knee joint, often during sports or physical activities. The knee is stabilized by four major ligaments: the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), medial collateral ligament (MCL), and lateral collateral ligament (LCL). Ligament injuries can vary in severity. Knee meniscus injuries typically involve damage to the cartilage discs (menisci) located between the thighbone and shinbone in the knee joint. The menisci act as shock absorbers and help stabilize the knee during movement. Injuries to the meniscus can occur due to twisting, rotating, or direct impact on the knee joint.
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Ankle Sprain
An ankle sprain is a common injury that occurs when the ligaments that support the ankle joint are stretched or torn, typically due to a sudden twisting or rolling motion of the foot. This can happen during activities such as walking on uneven surfaces, participating in sports, or simply landing awkwardly after a jump.
Ankle sprains can range in severity from mild, involving slight stretching of the ligaments, to severe, involving complete tearing of one or more ligaments.
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Patellar Tendinosis
Patellar tendinopathy, also known as jumper's knee, is a common overuse injury characterized by pain and inflammation in the patellar tendon, which connects the kneecap (patella) to the shinbone (tibia). It typically occurs as a result of repetitive stress or strain on the patellar tendon, often from activities that involve jumping or sudden changes in direction, such as basketball or volleyball. Patellar tendinopathy typically presents as pain and tenderness just below the kneecap, particularly during activities that involve bending or straightening the knee, and may worsen with prolonged or intense physical activity.
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Plantar Fasciosis
Plantar fasciosis, also known as plantar fasciopathy or plantar fasciitis, is a common condition characterized by pain and inflammation in the plantar fascia—a thick band of tissue that runs along the bottom of the foot, connecting the heel bone to the toes. Unlike plantar fasciitis, which implies inflammation, plantar fasciosis suggests a degenerative process without significant inflammation. This condition typically arises from repetitive strain or overuse of the plantar fascia, leading to microtears, thickening, and degeneration of the tissue.
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